Family continuity
An additional legal status can create a shared fallback option for spouses, children, and—in some programs—other dependents.
CITIZENSHIP BY INVESTMENT
Additional citizenship needs a clear purpose.
Compare programs by family scope, total cost, and real effect. A second passport does not automatically change tax residence or bankability.
01 · WHAT IS IN IT FOR ME?
Value lies not in the second document, but in the additional ability to act.
Citizenship is generally a more durable legal status than a visa. Whether it is valuable to you depends on the function it performs in real life.
Mobility under changing conditions
A second passport may expand specific travel and residence options. The destination that matters to you is more important than a rapidly outdated country count.
Strategic backup status
Citizenship generally exists independently of a single visa or employer. Its value becomes visible when established access is restricted.
Continuity across generations
Depending on the program and law, citizenship may pass to future generations. Descent, registration, and retention rules must be reviewed.
WHAT CBI DOES NOT CREATE AUTOMATICALLY
An additional passport does not replace an overall strategy.
- No automatic change of tax residence
- No guarantee of a bank account
- No cure for unresolved source of wealth
- No guarantee of permanently visa-free travel
02 · THE MARKET HAS CHANGED
Programs are no longer assessed only by price and travel access.
EU law, international security interests, and stricter due diligence are reshaping the market. We assess not only today's promise, but how the utility may hold under political pressure.
Cyprus stopped accepting new CBI applications.
The program was abolished. An existing market is not proof of lasting political acceptance.
Source: European Commission ↗The EU ended visa-free access for Vanuatu.
Citizenship remained; a major mobility benefit changed. This distinction must be understood before deciding.
Source: Council of the European Union ↗The CJEU held Malta's investor citizenship scheme contrary to EU law.
The Court made clear that EU citizenship cannot be the subject of a purely commercial transaction. Malta is not treated as an active CBI program here.
Source: Court of Justice of the European Union ↗CURRENT DECISION INTELLIGENCE · SEPTEMBER 16, 2026
Will Citizenship by Investment become more expensive in 2027?
Our new analysis separates confirmed cost changes from forecasts—and shows why lifecycle cost and future utility now matter more than the headline contribution.
Read the full CBI 2027 analysis ↗03 · HOW TO MAKE A DEFENSIBLE SELECTION
Six questions matter more than any passport ranking.
A low minimum investment may be economically unattractive. Broad mobility may be irrelevant to your actual destinations. Context determines value.
Function
What specific freedom to act should the additional citizenship create?
Eligibility
Citizenships, family, KYC, source of funds, and potential exclusions.
Actual cost
Contribution or asset plus government, due diligence, agent, documents, and implementation.
Effect
Mobility, family, banking, and the distinction between citizenship and residence.
Durability
Program history, political pressure, visa-waiver risk, and rule changes.
Implementation
Authorized Agent, professional advisors, government, and No Borders Founder with clearly separated roles.
04 · COMPARISON FILTER
Do not select a country first. Select what must work for you.
Budget, family size, timing, presence, program history, and a potential U.S. E-2 pathway all change the shortlist. Review status remains visible in the result.
01
What matters most to you?Select all that apply
02
Who should be included?Initial family profile
03
What entry point would you consider?Contribution or asset only—not total cost
YOUR INITIAL SHORTLIST
These programs merit closer review.
This ranking is based solely on published program data. Nationality, source of wealth, family composition, destination countries, and bankability may materially change the order during an engagement.
01ACTIVE · VERIFIED
NR
Nauru
When an additional Pacific status gives your family a defined option and the contribution route serves your plans.
Lower entry pointFamily
- Entry point
- Iruwa contribution USD 90,000 through December 2026 · fees additional
- Family
- Spouse, children, parents, and siblings subject to additional fees
- Presence
- No minimum residence; oath may be remote under stated conditions
02ACTIVE · VERIFIED
DM
Dominica
For families seeking an established Caribbean program with a choice between a clear contribution and approved property.
Lower entry pointTrack record
- Entry point
- Contribution or approved real estate from USD 200,000
- Family
- Qualifying spouse, children, parents, and grandparents under age and support rules
- Presence
- No general minimum presence stated for the application process
03ACTIVE · VERIFIED
AG
Antigua and Barbuda
When a larger family and several investment routes matter more than complete freedom from presence requirements.
FamilyAsset-based route
- Entry point
- Contribution from USD 230,000
- Family
- Broad family provisions; the UWI route may be relevant for larger families
- Presence
- Current residence and visit requirements require official confirmation
Important: “United States / E-2” means only that Grenadian citizenship may provide a nationality-based basis for a separate E-2 visa application. It is neither a U.S. visa nor a guarantee of approval.
05 · CITIZENSHIP PROGRAMS
Five Caribbean programs. Three further routes with different review status.
The groups remain deliberately separate. A young program with a lower threshold does not automatically offer the operating history, acceptance, or regulatory durability of a decades-old route.
CARIBBEAN CORE
The comparable core group
Same region does not mean same effect. Family, presence, E-2 relevance, history, and cost architecture differ.
01Active · official source
Antigua and Barbuda
When a larger family and several investment routes matter more than complete freedom from presence requirements.
- Entry
- Contribution from USD 230,000
- Routes
- National Development Fund, approved real estate, business investment, and UWI Fund
- Presence
- Current residence and visit requirements require official confirmation
- Family
- Broad family provisions; the UWI route may be relevant for larger families
DECISIVE WATCHPOINT
Confirm the commencement and scope of the revised residence rules before applying.
02Active · official program sources reviewed
Dominica
For families seeking an established Caribbean program with a choice between a clear contribution and approved property.
- Entry
- Contribution or approved real estate from USD 200,000
- Routes
- Economic Diversification Fund or approved real estate
- Presence
- No general minimum presence stated for the application process
- Family
- Qualifying spouse, children, parents, and grandparents under age and support rules
DECISIVE WATCHPOINT
Compare the full family cost and the property's economic merits before choosing a route.
03Active · official source
Grenada
For families and entrepreneurs seeking established Caribbean citizenship, international mobility, and a potential long-term U.S. E-2 visa pathway.
- Entry
- NTF contribution from USD 235,000
- Routes
- National Transformation Fund, approved project, or case-specific significant investment
- Presence
- No travel before, during, or after the application according to the IMA FAQ
- Family
- Spouse, children, parents, grandparents, and qualifying siblings
DECISIVE WATCHPOINT
Grenada's distinctive value lies in the combination of CBI, family flexibility, and E-2 planning—not in an automatic U.S. visa.
04Active · official source
St. Kitts and Nevis
When the longest track record and a more institutionalized process are priorities.
- Entry
- SISC from USD 250,000
- Routes
- SISC, Public Benefit, Developer Real Estate, and Private Real Estate
- Presence
- No general minimum residence stated for the SISC route
- Family
- Family inclusion by age and dependency; fees per dependent
DECISIVE WATCHPOINT
Interviews and biometric requirements are now part of the real process and timeline.
05Active · official source
Saint Lucia
When a family of up to four and the choice among contribution, bonds, real estate, or enterprise are central.
- Entry
- NEF contribution from USD 240,000 for up to four people
- Routes
- National Economic Fund, real estate, government bonds, and approved enterprises
- Presence
- Current practice to be verified before application
- Family
- The base amount may cover the principal applicant and up to three dependents
DECISIVE WATCHPOINT
More routes create more choice—and more economic and regulatory questions.
SELECTED GLOBAL
Only with a clear function and deeper review
Nauru, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Vanuatu are not presented as cheaper copies of Caribbean programs. Track record and mobility risk belong in the principal decision.
06Active · 2026 Iruwa contribution confirmed
Nauru
When an additional Pacific status gives your family a defined option and the contribution route serves your plans.
- Entry
- Iruwa contribution USD 90,000 through December 2026 · fees additional
- Routes
- Treasury Fund contribution for climate resilience and development
- Presence
- No minimum residence; oath may be remote under stated conditions
- Family
- Spouse, children, parents, and siblings subject to additional fees
DECISIVE WATCHPOINT
The official Iruwa extension runs through December 31, 2026. The USD 90,000 contribution is for the principal applicant; separate fees and dependent contributions require a case-specific quote.
07HOLD · family eligibility and case terms under review
São Tomé and Príncipe
Only when a low entry point and African status serve a real function and the short history is expressly accepted.
- Entry
- Statutory minimum contribution from USD 90,000 · fees additional
- Routes
- Contribution to the National Transformation Fund
- Presence
- No residence requirement according to the programme office; check individual conditions
- Family
- Family contribution levels published; naturalisation of certain adult relatives currently paused
DECISIVE WATCHPOINT
Price is not mobility or bank acceptance. The short track record is a primary decision criterion.
08Program status · clarification required
Vanuatu
When speed or a Pacific connection matters more than European mobility.
- Entry
- 2020 DSP retail floor: USD 130,000 · current amount unconfirmed
- Routes
- DSP, VCP, CIIP and approved real estate
- Presence
- Route-specific; verify officially before application
- Family
- Family inclusion within the selected route
DECISIVE WATCHPOINT
EU visa-free access ended in December 2024. Vanuatu is not a European mobility solution.
06 · WHAT YOU RECEIVE UNDER A NO BORDERS FOUNDER ENGAGEMENT
Not a program list—a reasoned decision and controlled implementation.
Work begins with a paid strategic engagement from USD 5,800. Defined implementation follows only after objective, eligibility, and consequences are clear.
CBI Decision File
Target picture, assumptions, exclusions, program comparison, and reasoned shortlist.
Realistic total cost
Qualifying outlay, government, due diligence, agent, documents, No Borders Founder, and third parties shown separately.
Due-diligence readiness
The facts, documents, and source-of-wealth evidence required before submission.
Role and implementation plan
Who decides, submits, reviews professionally, and in what sequence work proceeds.
NEXT STEP
If the additional passport must perform a defined function, we assess engagement fit.
No free individual case advice. Government, agent, and third-party fees are disclosed separately. Any partner compensation is disclosed before your decision.